More than 4,500 people living and working near the rivers Wye, Lugg, and Usk have launched a major legal case at London’s High Court, accusing a leading poultry producer and a water utility of contributing to widespread river pollution. The case is being described as the largest environmental lawsuit in UK history in terms of both the number of claimants and the geographic scope.
The legal action targets Avara Foods and Welsh Water. Claimants argue that the companies have played a role in the long-term degradation of waterways along the England–Wales border.
At the centre of the case is the River Wye, once known for its natural beauty. Residents and environmental groups say the river has deteriorated in recent years, often turning green during the summer months and developing foul smells and a slimy texture.
They attribute much of this damage to intensive poultry farming in the surrounding region, where roughly 24 million chickens are raised at any given time—around a quarter of the UK’s total production. According to the claim, large quantities of chicken waste are spread on nearby farmland and later washed into rivers by rainfall. This runoff increases levels of nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen, which in turn fuel excessive algae growth, especially in warmer weather.
Environmental assessments have reinforced these concerns. In 2023, Natural England classified the River Wye as being in “unfavourable – declining” condition. A subsequent action plan highlighted agricultural pollution, wastewater releases, climate pressures, and reduced summer river flows as key issues affecting the ecosystem.
The lawsuit, led by the law firm Leigh Day under a “no win, no fee” arrangement, includes allegations of negligence as well as claims of environmental harm such as nuisance and trespass. The claimants are seeking financial compensation alongside measures to restore the health of the rivers.
Both companies have denied the accusations. Avara Foods described the claims as “misconceived,” while Welsh Water said the case is “misguided” and pointed to its ongoing investments aimed at reducing pollution.